Gender effects refers to the study of how individuals' gender influences various outcomes, behaviors, and experiences. This research area explores how factors such as social norms, stereotypes, and biological differences can impact individuals differently based on their gender. Gender effects research examines a wide range of topics, including cognitive abilities, emotions, communication styles, and career choices. By understanding these effects, researchers can uncover disparities between genders and work towards creating more equitable environments for individuals of all genders.